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| Subspecies: | Unknown |
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| Est. World Population: | |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Least Concern |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
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Habitat:
The main habitats of this species are coniferous, mixed and deciduous forests (and their glades), grasslands and meadows. It is also present in flood lands and river valleys. Although the species prefers habitats with high humidity, it is rare in very shaded or saturated coniferous forests, and especially rare in planted secondary pine forests (A. Borzée pers. comm. Dec. 2017). Breeding and larval development takes place in rivers, streams, ponds and pools. The species is generally tolerant of habitat modification and may be found in cultivated areas, villages and even parks and gardens in large cities (e.g., Khabarovsk, Russia; Nanjing, China; Guir, Republic of Korea).
Range:
This species is known from Russia, China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Republic of Korea, and Japan. It is found in the Russian Far East (including East Siberia) northwards to the Amur River valley; most of central, southeastern and northeastern China, throughout the Korean Peninsula and islands near the coastline (Kim and Han 2009), and on Miyakojima and adjacent islands in the Nansei-shoto (aka Ryukyu Archipelago) of Japan. The altitudinal range of this species is from 2–4,300 m asl, with the highest known subpopulations on the Tibetan plateau (Fei et al. 2009, Zhan and Fu 2011).
The subspecies, Bufo gargarizans miyakonis is endemic to the Nansei-shoto of Japan, where late Pleistocene (>0.025 Ma) fossils were found (Okinawa Prefectural Board of Education 1985, Ota 1998). It was originally distributed on Miyakojima and its adjacent islands. From there it was introduced to other islands in the Nansei-shoto, including Okinawajima, Minami Daitojima, and Kita Daitojima. Bufo gargarizans miyakonis has not been captured since the early 1990's on Okinawajima and it is now possibly eradicated.
The subspecies, Bufo gargarizans miyakonis is endemic to the Nansei-shoto of Japan, where late Pleistocene (>0.025 Ma) fossils were found (Okinawa Prefectural Board of Education 1985, Ota 1998). It was originally distributed on Miyakojima and its adjacent islands. From there it was introduced to other islands in the Nansei-shoto, including Okinawajima, Minami Daitojima, and Kita Daitojima. Bufo gargarizans miyakonis has not been captured since the early 1990's on Okinawajima and it is now possibly eradicated.
Conservation:
Conservation Actions
This species occurs in many protected areas in China, Republic of Korea, and Russia.
Conservation Needed
Conservation plans for area protection and management, at all levels, are required.
Research Needed
The possible eradication of the species on Okinawajima in Japan needs confirmation. Additional research on the species' taxonomy, life history, ecology, population size, distribution and trends is required to better assess the impact of ongoing threats.
This species occurs in many protected areas in China, Republic of Korea, and Russia.
Conservation Needed
Conservation plans for area protection and management, at all levels, are required.
Research Needed
The possible eradication of the species on Okinawajima in Japan needs confirmation. Additional research on the species' taxonomy, life history, ecology, population size, distribution and trends is required to better assess the impact of ongoing threats.