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| Subspecies: | Unknown |
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| Est. World Population: | |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Endangered |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
| Litter Size: | |
| Gestation Period: | |
Habitat:
This species is known from humid montane pine-oak forest and cloud forest. Individuals have been found on the ground, on fallen logs, under logs, on Peperomia sp. leaves, in water-filled leaf axils of Heliconia sp., in bromeliads, and at forest edges (F. Castañeda pers. comm. March 2019). Leenders and Watkins-Colwell (2004) suggested that this species might be arboreal at night, but use terrestrial hiding places during the day, however it has been recorded hiding in bromeliads during the day (F. Castañeda pers. comm. 2007). It is unlikely to tolerate habitat disturbance. Some individuals have registered in a cypress forest plantation in Montecristo National Park, however, in lower abundances compared to natural forest (V. Henríquez pers. comm. June 2019). Breeding takes place by direct development.
Range:
This species is currently known only from Cerro Montecristo and Cerro Miramundo in the Trifinio International Park of El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras; from El Mojanal, the Honduran side of Cerro de Montecristo in Honduras; and from a collection on Volcán Quetzaltepeque, in Guatemala (S. Rovito pers. comm. 2008). It has been recorded between 1,780–2,300 m asl. It is likely a range-restricted species; its extent of occurrence (EOO) is estimated to be 183 km2.
Conservation:
Conservation Actions In-Place
In El Salvador, the species has been recorded in Parque Nacional Montecristo (Metapan, Santa Ana). Plan Trifinio was developed and funded by Cooperacion Alemana, BID, IUCN and the Honduran government to improve the protection of the park, however benefits to the species in the Honduran part of the park have not been documented yet (F. Castañeda pers. comm. March 2019). It is so far not known from any protected areas in Guatemala.
Conservation Needed
Further protection of the remaining habitat in the surrounding areas is urgently needed. Improved enforcement and management of the national parks and the elimination of incentives to convert forest (e.g., Decreto 37-2016) is urgently needed to halt anthropogenic land use change in the national parks and reserves of Honduras (Honduras Red List Assessment Workshop March 2019). Proactive, precautionary steps should also be taken to detect the arrival of Bsal in Mesoamerica and to establish a baseline by including the swabbing of salamanders encountered during routine amphibian monitoring activities (Honduras and Guatemala Red List Assessment Workshops 2019). In addition to regular monitoring, the general public can also support these efforts through reporting any dead salamanders to the iNaturalist global project: Saving Salamanders with Citizen Science (J. Kolby pers. comm. March 2019).
Research Needed
Additional survey work is needed to determine the current population status of the species. Research is also required to verify the status of the habitat in Honduras (F. Castañeda pers. comm. March 2019). Further analysis is required to determine whether or not a species found on an isolated peak in eastern Guatemala refers to this or another species (D. Wake pers. comm. 2005).
In El Salvador, the species has been recorded in Parque Nacional Montecristo (Metapan, Santa Ana). Plan Trifinio was developed and funded by Cooperacion Alemana, BID, IUCN and the Honduran government to improve the protection of the park, however benefits to the species in the Honduran part of the park have not been documented yet (F. Castañeda pers. comm. March 2019). It is so far not known from any protected areas in Guatemala.
Conservation Needed
Further protection of the remaining habitat in the surrounding areas is urgently needed. Improved enforcement and management of the national parks and the elimination of incentives to convert forest (e.g., Decreto 37-2016) is urgently needed to halt anthropogenic land use change in the national parks and reserves of Honduras (Honduras Red List Assessment Workshop March 2019). Proactive, precautionary steps should also be taken to detect the arrival of Bsal in Mesoamerica and to establish a baseline by including the swabbing of salamanders encountered during routine amphibian monitoring activities (Honduras and Guatemala Red List Assessment Workshops 2019). In addition to regular monitoring, the general public can also support these efforts through reporting any dead salamanders to the iNaturalist global project: Saving Salamanders with Citizen Science (J. Kolby pers. comm. March 2019).
Research Needed
Additional survey work is needed to determine the current population status of the species. Research is also required to verify the status of the habitat in Honduras (F. Castañeda pers. comm. March 2019). Further analysis is required to determine whether or not a species found on an isolated peak in eastern Guatemala refers to this or another species (D. Wake pers. comm. 2005).