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| Subspecies: | Unknown |
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| Est. World Population: | |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Least Concern |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
| Litter Size: | |
| Gestation Period: | |
Habitat:
This species inhabits lava talus slopes in Douglas Fir stands, and is typically found under canopy cover in talus of suitable size that has accumulated considerable amounts of humus. It rests under rocks and bark and in rotten wood (Stebbins 1985), and moves deep under talus in cold weather or when it is dry or hot. This species is associated with steep, at least partially forested talus slops, although it has also been found in forests with no exposed talus (Green et al. 2014). Breeding occurs in the same habitats in late autumn or spring on warm rainy nights, and is by direct development. This species does not tolerate the loss of canopy cover, which appears to allow congeners to outcompete it (Herrington 1985).
Range:
This species is only found in a narrow region of southwest Washington and northwest Oregon, where the Cascades Range has been eroded by the Columbia River in the Columbia River Gorge (Green et al. 2014). Four subpopulations are known from near Mount Saint Helens, and just south of Mount Rainier. It occurs at elevations up to 1,036 m asl (Leonard et al. 1993).
Conservation:
Conservation Actions In-Place
Many subpopulations are protected within the Columbia River National Scenic Area (Leonard et al. 1993), but populations on national forest and private land might not be adequately protected.
In an effort to prevent the introduction of Bsal into the US, an Interim Rule of the Lacey Act has been enacted that bans the importation of 201 species of salamanders (USFWS 2016). Additionally, a temporary voluntary trade moratorium of imports of Asian salamander species that are known to carry the disease until such time as effective testing and treatment regimens can be developed and distributed has been recommended to all exporters, shippers, sellers and buyers by the Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council (PIJAC). A North America Bsal Task Force has also been created, with working groups designed to address a variety of disease prevention and mitigation goals (North America Bsal Task Force 2021).
Conservation Needed
Continued and strengthened management of protected area(s) where this species occurs, and expanded protection of suitable habitat elsewhere in its range is recommended.
Research Needed
More information is needed on this species' distribution, population status, ecology, and threats.
Many subpopulations are protected within the Columbia River National Scenic Area (Leonard et al. 1993), but populations on national forest and private land might not be adequately protected.
In an effort to prevent the introduction of Bsal into the US, an Interim Rule of the Lacey Act has been enacted that bans the importation of 201 species of salamanders (USFWS 2016). Additionally, a temporary voluntary trade moratorium of imports of Asian salamander species that are known to carry the disease until such time as effective testing and treatment regimens can be developed and distributed has been recommended to all exporters, shippers, sellers and buyers by the Pet Industry Joint Advisory Council (PIJAC). A North America Bsal Task Force has also been created, with working groups designed to address a variety of disease prevention and mitigation goals (North America Bsal Task Force 2021).
Conservation Needed
Continued and strengthened management of protected area(s) where this species occurs, and expanded protection of suitable habitat elsewhere in its range is recommended.
Research Needed
More information is needed on this species' distribution, population status, ecology, and threats.