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| Subspecies: | Unknown |
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| Est. World Population: | 6700 |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Vulnerable |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
| Litter Size: | |
| Gestation Period: | |
Habitat:
The species is found principally over open grassland and mountainous regions up to 5,000 m, as well as adjacent upper and mid-montane cloud forests, descending to lowland desert regions and coastlines in Chile and Peru (Houston 1994, Parker et al. 1996), and over the steppes and southern-beech forests in Patagonia (S. Imberti in litt. 2020).
Range:
Vultur gryphus occurs along the length of the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, south to Argentina and Chile (Houston 1994, Wallace et al. 2020). The species is considered vagrant in Venezuela, Paraguay and Brazil. Populations are exceedingly rare in the northern part of its range, particularly in Venezuela where the species is possibly no longer resident. Re-introduction programmes using rescued and captive-bred individuals have been implemented in Colombia, Chile and Argentina (Hilty and Brown 1986, Houston 1994, Astore et al. 2017).
Conservation:
Conservation Actions Underway
CITES Appendix I. CMS Appendix II. Population censuses have been carried out using photography/video to recognize individual birds at feeding stations (Ríos-Uzeda and Wallace 2007, Méndez et al. 2019), as well as roosting site counts (Kusch 2006, Lambertucci et al. 2008, Lambertucci 2013, Cailly Arnulphi et al. 2013, Naveda et al. 2016, Vargas et al. 2018) and genetic studies (Alcaide et al. 2010, Padró et al. 2018, 2019, Perrig et al. 2019). Ongoing satellite telemetry studies in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are beginning to reveal the scale of individual movements, as well as helping to identify and determine subpopulations across the range. Species experts have identified and highlighted the major conservation stronghold for the species across the range and identified conservation actions (Wallace et al. 2020).
Conservation Actions Proposed
Increase efforts to census the population, especially in Argentina, Chile and Peru (Wallace et al. 2020). Develop specific and comprehensive analyses and conservation plans with integrated and diverse conservation actions for the identified Priority Andean Condor Conservation Units (Wallace et al. 2020). Work with the local governments to address the most pressing threats to the populations, including introducing legislation regarding the use of poisons in carcasses directed at wildlife in general (Wallace et al. 2020). Highlight the unique cultural relevance of the species in an effort to reduce local persecution in the face of conflicts with livestock owners.
CITES Appendix I. CMS Appendix II. Population censuses have been carried out using photography/video to recognize individual birds at feeding stations (Ríos-Uzeda and Wallace 2007, Méndez et al. 2019), as well as roosting site counts (Kusch 2006, Lambertucci et al. 2008, Lambertucci 2013, Cailly Arnulphi et al. 2013, Naveda et al. 2016, Vargas et al. 2018) and genetic studies (Alcaide et al. 2010, Padró et al. 2018, 2019, Perrig et al. 2019). Ongoing satellite telemetry studies in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are beginning to reveal the scale of individual movements, as well as helping to identify and determine subpopulations across the range. Species experts have identified and highlighted the major conservation stronghold for the species across the range and identified conservation actions (Wallace et al. 2020).
Conservation Actions Proposed
Increase efforts to census the population, especially in Argentina, Chile and Peru (Wallace et al. 2020). Develop specific and comprehensive analyses and conservation plans with integrated and diverse conservation actions for the identified Priority Andean Condor Conservation Units (Wallace et al. 2020). Work with the local governments to address the most pressing threats to the populations, including introducing legislation regarding the use of poisons in carcasses directed at wildlife in general (Wallace et al. 2020). Highlight the unique cultural relevance of the species in an effort to reduce local persecution in the face of conflicts with livestock owners.