The Family Dinomyidae is a group of large rodents within the order Rodentia, best known for the pacarana (Dinomys branickii), the only living species in the family. Native to South America, these rodents are herbivorous, feeding on leaves, fruits, and stems. Dinomyids are nocturnal and terrestrial, with robust bodies, short limbs, and strong incisors for gnawing vegetation. Historically, the family included much larger prehistoric species, some among the largest rodents to have ever lived, making Dinomyidae an important group for understanding rodent evolution and South American paleofauna.