It occupies shrublands that vary from sparse desert shrublands to dense coastal scrub. It tends to be more abundant where rocks or shrubs provide cover. The species lives in a variety of habitats: desert slopes, agave, rocky areas, coastal sage scrub, etc.

It has a diet composed largely of seeds, but insects and plant foliage are also consumed. Like other heteromyid rodents, it is nocturnal, solitary, and seeks shelter in burrows during daylight. Burrow systems can be quite elaborate, consisting of a network of tunnels and chambers. Usually one or two chambers are used as dens for sleeping; the remaining chambers are used for hoarding seeds. Although reproduction can occurs throughout the year, this species breeds mainly during spring. The litter size probably ranges between 2 and 6. Young become sexually mature at 5 to 6 months of age. Females can produce 1 to 3 litters per year. Typical longevity in nature is only 4 to 6 months, but is not usual for some individuals survive 1 to 2 years (Wilson and Ruff 1999).

This species is found in Southern California and northern Baja California. It occurs up to 1,835 m. There is one population on Cedros Island (Baja) that was previously known as C. anthonyi.

Subspecies C. f. fallax and C. f. pallidus are federal candidate taxa in the United States and Species of Special Concern in the State of California. On Cedros Island, Baja California this species is considered endangered.