Order Dothideales is a group of fungi within the class Dothideomycetes, primarily characterized by their ascomycetous nature, producing spores in specialized sac-like structures called asci, often housed in pseudothecia. Members of this order exhibit a wide range of ecological roles, including saprophytic, pathogenic, and endophytic lifestyles, commonly found on plants, decaying wood, and soil. They are notable for their bitunicate asci, which have a double wall allowing forcible spore release. Dothideales includes many plant pathogens responsible for leaf spots, stem cankers, and fruit diseases, making them economically significant in agriculture. Morphologically, they often have darkly pigmented, septate spores and exhibit considerable diversity in fruiting body structure, reflecting their adaptability to various environments.