Teloschistales is an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi within the class Lecanoromycetes. Members of this order are commonly found growing on rocks, soil, or bark and are often brightly colored, especially in shades of yellow, orange, or red, due to the presence of secondary metabolites like anthraquinones. Teloschistales species play important ecological roles as pioneers in colonizing bare substrates, contributing to soil formation, and forming symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic partners such as algae or cyanobacteria. This order includes several well-known genera, such as Xanthoria and Caloplaca, and its members are widely distributed across diverse habitats, from temperate to arid regions.