The order Calosphaeriales is a group of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes, primarily known for their association with woody plants. Members of this order are mostly saprobic, decomposing dead wood, though some can be weak pathogens. They are characterized by producing perithecial (flask-shaped) fruiting bodies, often with long necks, and their asci typically contain eight ascospores. Morphologically, their spores are usually small, hyaline, and may be one- or two-celled. Calosphaeriales are cosmopolitan but are most commonly found in temperate regions, playing an important ecological role in wood decay and nutrient cycling.