The Thelephorales are an order of fungi within the class Agaricomycetes, primarily known for their ectomycorrhizal relationships with trees and shrubs. Members of this order typically produce tough, leathery, or coral-like fruiting bodies, often with a crust-like or resupinate appearance. They are widely distributed in forest ecosystems and play a crucial role in nutrient cycling by forming symbiotic associations with plant roots, enhancing water and nutrient uptake. Thelephorales species generally have brown-spored basidia, and some produce pigments that can stain the surrounding soil. While not commonly consumed as food, several species are ecologically important for maintaining forest health and biodiversity.