The family Pseudochactidae comprises a unique group of scorpions distinguished by their relictual distribution and specialized adaptations. First described in 1998, this family includes four genera—Pseudochactas, Troglokhammouanus, Vietbocap, and Aemngvantom—with six recognized species. These scorpions are primarily found in caves across Central and Southeast Asia, including regions of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand. Notably, many species exhibit troglomorphic traits such as reduced pigmentation and eyesight, adaptations to their subterranean habitats. Morphologically, Pseudochactidae scorpions possess unique features like a pentagonal sternum and a distinctive trichobothrial pattern, setting them apart from other scorpion families. Ecologically, they are considered climate relicts, having survived Miocene aridification by retreating into caves, and continue to provide valuable insights into scorpion evolution and cave adaptation.