The family Mycosphaerellaceae is a large and diverse group of fungi within the order Capnodiales, primarily known as plant pathogens. Members of this family are mostly microscopic and produce spores that infect leaves, stems, and fruits of a wide range of host plants, often causing leaf spots, blights, and other foliar diseases. They exhibit complex life cycles with both sexual and asexual reproductive stages, and many species were historically classified under the genus Mycosphaerella, though modern molecular studies have led to reclassification into multiple genera. Mycosphaerellaceae fungi are widespread globally and have significant agricultural importance, as infections can reduce crop yield and quality. They are generally studied for their pathogenic mechanisms, host specificity, and potential management strategies.