Montane Brown Frog - Rana ornativentris
( Werner, 1903 )

 

 

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Subspecies: Unknown
Est. World Population:

CITES Status: NOT LISTED
IUCN Status: Least Concern
U.S. ESA Status: NOT LISTED

Body Length:
Tail Length:
Shoulder Height:
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Top Speed:
Jumping Ability: (Horizontal)

Life Span: in the Wild
Life Span: in Captivity

Sexual Maturity: (Females)
Sexual Maturity: (Males)
Litter Size:
Gestation Period:

Habitat:

This species inhabits forested plains and hillsides, but is usually abundant in montane regions up to 1,900 m asl. Occasionally it is found with R. japonica at lower altitudes. It breeds over a short period during January and late June in still waters in rice fields, marshes, and small pools. Eggs are laid in a large depressed globular mass with 1,000-1,900 eggs, 1.5-2.4 mm in diameter and dark brown in animal hemisphere. Matured larva are 43-60 mm in total length, without a dark spot on each side of their back. Metamorphosis takes place between June and August with SVL of 11-20 mm. It feeds on various insects, snails, slugs, and earthworms, and hibernates in soil on land or at the bottom of water in ditches and rice fields (Matsui and Maeda 2018).


Range:
This species occurs in Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Sado Island, and many other islands in Japan. Its elevational range is from 10 m up to 2,000 m asl.

Conservation:
Conservation Actions In-Place
Its range includes several protected areas.

Conservation Needed
To sustain its population, the species requires stable breeding sites which do not dry up until most larvae have completed their metamorphosis. Such water bodies sometimes need to be kept intentionally, because modern paddies seldom contain water during its breeding season (early spring). The connection between the breeding site and nearby forest must be secured as well.

Research Needed
Genetic variation analysis of local populations to explore distinct lineages is recommended.

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