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| Subspecies: | Unknown |
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| Est. World Population: | |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Endangered |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
| Litter Size: | |
| Gestation Period: | |
Habitat:
This species lives and breeds in streams and lakes that are surrounded by dense vegetation. Inhabited streams are generally 1-2 m in width, not more than 1/3 m in depth, and have stream beds covered with stones and gravel. Adults are largely aquatic, and are often found under rocks or leaf-litter and fallen branches in streams. They prey mainly on shrimp, aquatic insects and their larvae, and occasionally on algae and seeds. This species hibernates under deep-water rocks from October-February. During the breeding season, females deposit egg bags that adhere in pairs to the bottom of stones in the stream. Each bag contains 6-13 eggs (Fei et al. 2012). This species breeds by larval development.
Range:
This species is known from the Daliang Mountain Range, Daxue Mountain Range, and Xiaoxianglin Mountain Range in southwestern Sichuan Province in China. It occupies an elevational range of 2,900–4,400 m asl.
Conservation:
Conservation Actions In-Place
This species occurs in several protected areas, such as Luojishan Nature Reserve. It is on the "List of Beneficial or of Important Economic or Scientific Value Terrestrial Wild Animals under States Protection", under the protection of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife", which provides a moderate degree of protection and makes it illegal to collect (China Red List Assessment Workshop June 2019).
Conservation Needed
Recommended conservation measures include improved management of the existing protected area(s) and habitat maintenance, as well as expanded protection of suitable habitat elsewhere in the species' range. Due to intensive collection of this species for consumption and traditional Chinese medicine, a harvest and trade management plan should be implemented and the option of a captive-breeding programme might need to be explored. Legislation and enforcement of legislation are also needed to address the issue of over-harvesting, specifically aimed at banning electrofishing for this species. Additionally, it is recommended that community outreach and awareness programs be established for this species.
Research Needed
More information is needed on this species' distribution, population status, ecology, and threats. Additional information on harvesting trends is also recommended. There is a need for monitoring the population status of this species given the threat of over-harvesting.
This species occurs in several protected areas, such as Luojishan Nature Reserve. It is on the "List of Beneficial or of Important Economic or Scientific Value Terrestrial Wild Animals under States Protection", under the protection of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife", which provides a moderate degree of protection and makes it illegal to collect (China Red List Assessment Workshop June 2019).
Conservation Needed
Recommended conservation measures include improved management of the existing protected area(s) and habitat maintenance, as well as expanded protection of suitable habitat elsewhere in the species' range. Due to intensive collection of this species for consumption and traditional Chinese medicine, a harvest and trade management plan should be implemented and the option of a captive-breeding programme might need to be explored. Legislation and enforcement of legislation are also needed to address the issue of over-harvesting, specifically aimed at banning electrofishing for this species. Additionally, it is recommended that community outreach and awareness programs be established for this species.
Research Needed
More information is needed on this species' distribution, population status, ecology, and threats. Additional information on harvesting trends is also recommended. There is a need for monitoring the population status of this species given the threat of over-harvesting.