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| Subspecies: | Unknown |
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| Est. World Population: | |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Least Concern |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
| Litter Size: | |
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Habitat:
This species occurs from lowland to alpine zones in forests and grassland. It breeds in lakes, marshes, ponds, pools, and ditches, but also in streams by larval development. Breeding season is from April to May, or as late as July at higher elevations (Sato 1943, Sato and Matsui 2013). Most larvae metamorphose in July to August of the same year, but some larvae in cold habitat may overwinter and grow to a larger size (Sato and Matsui 2013). Mature individuals hibernate in winter, emerging as the snow melts and spend most of their time hidden under stones, logs etc. on forest floor near water (Tokuda 2015). The subpopulation in Lake Kuttara was known as the only neotenic population in this species, although it is considered to now be extinct (Sato and Matsui 2013).
Range:
In general, this species is widespread in Hokkaido, Japan, except for Nemuro Peninsula, and Kushiro Marsh in the eastern region. It occurs only in mainland Hokkaido, and there are no records from other Japanese islands (Sato and Matsui 2013). Its elevational range is from lowland to alpine zones between 3-1,870 m asl (Sato and Matsui 2013). However, local populations seem to not be continuous and there are significant geographical gaps in between (these are not represented on the map). The extent of occurrence of this species' distribution is 133,041 km2.
Conservation:
Conservation Actions In-Place
This species occurs in some protected areas, Rishiri-Rebun, Shiretoko, Akan-Mashu, Kushiro-shitsugen, Daisetsuzan, Shikotsu-Toya National Parks and Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri, Abashiri, Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru-kaigan, Hidaka-sanmyaku-Erimo, Onuma Quasi-National Parks. The species has been designated as Data Deficient in the Japanese Red List.
Research Needed
Further research is needed to determine the distribution, population trend, and adverse effects of alien species. Long-term studies such as monitoring programmes are required to evaluate its population status.
This species occurs in some protected areas, Rishiri-Rebun, Shiretoko, Akan-Mashu, Kushiro-shitsugen, Daisetsuzan, Shikotsu-Toya National Parks and Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri, Abashiri, Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru-kaigan, Hidaka-sanmyaku-Erimo, Onuma Quasi-National Parks. The species has been designated as Data Deficient in the Japanese Red List.
Research Needed
Further research is needed to determine the distribution, population trend, and adverse effects of alien species. Long-term studies such as monitoring programmes are required to evaluate its population status.