|
|---|
Warning: Undefined property: stdClass::$Photo1 in /var/www/vhosts/virtualzoo/classifications/display.php on line 584
| Subspecies: | Unknown |
|---|---|
| Est. World Population: | 5000-25000 |
| CITES Status: | NOT LISTED |
| IUCN Status: | Endangered |
| U.S. ESA Status: | NOT LISTED |
| Body Length: | |
| Tail Length: | |
| Shoulder Height: | |
| Weight: | |
| Top Speed: | |
| Jumping Ability: | (Horizontal) |
| Life Span: | in the Wild |
| Life Span: | in Captivity |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Females) |
| Sexual Maturity: | (Males) |
| Litter Size: | |
| Gestation Period: | |
Habitat:
P. schleiermacheri is thought to predominantly occupy primary lowland forest on alluvial soils, preferring forested ridges, below 1,000 m (Mann 2008). Confirmed records stem from secondary and primary forest along rivers, hill forest, and temporarily dry swamp forest, preferring alluvial soils (BirdLife International 2001).
However, there is uncertainty in the species' habitat preferences. GIS analysis based on interview data suggest the species only occurs on lowland plains and forests with fertile soils, not occupying hill or mountain forest (O'Brien et al. 1998), however the methodology and interpretation of results from this study have been criticised (Sözer et al. 2000). Further, surveys for the species in Sungai Wain Protection Forest in east Kalimantan from 1997-2002 recorded the species in alluvial, swamp, slope, high-flat and ridge forest, but most often in high-flat and ridge forest (Fredriksson and Nijman 2004). This study considered the species as sedentary but highly elusive, only being sighted on seven occasions during the study period. Additionally, camera trap records from Kuamut Forest Reserve, Sabah, recorded up to three birds from previously logged forest (Mohamed et al. 2017). Therefore, previous suggestions of habitat associations for this species may be biased from the patchiness of records, rather than representing a true preference of the species.
The species produces only a single egg per clutch and consequentially has a low reproductive rate (Corder and Davison 2021).
However, there is uncertainty in the species' habitat preferences. GIS analysis based on interview data suggest the species only occurs on lowland plains and forests with fertile soils, not occupying hill or mountain forest (O'Brien et al. 1998), however the methodology and interpretation of results from this study have been criticised (Sözer et al. 2000). Further, surveys for the species in Sungai Wain Protection Forest in east Kalimantan from 1997-2002 recorded the species in alluvial, swamp, slope, high-flat and ridge forest, but most often in high-flat and ridge forest (Fredriksson and Nijman 2004). This study considered the species as sedentary but highly elusive, only being sighted on seven occasions during the study period. Additionally, camera trap records from Kuamut Forest Reserve, Sabah, recorded up to three birds from previously logged forest (Mohamed et al. 2017). Therefore, previous suggestions of habitat associations for this species may be biased from the patchiness of records, rather than representing a true preference of the species.
The species produces only a single egg per clutch and consequentially has a low reproductive rate (Corder and Davison 2021).
Range:
Polyplectron schleiermacheri is endemic to Borneo, where it is known from Sabah, Malaysia and Kalimantan, Indonesia. The species may also occur in Sarawak, Malaysia, with unconfirmed records from steep slope forest Bario and Kapit near Nanga Gaat (McGowan and Garson 1995, Smythies 1999). The record from Bario is supported by a preserved tail feather definitely belonging to a peacock-pheasant and the Kaip record reportedly included one sighting of a female (BirdLife International 2001). With no other records from Sarawak since this time, the species' presence in this region is treated as uncertain.
Conservation:
Conservation Actions Underway
CITES Appendix II. The species is known from Sungai Wain and Gunung Lumut Protection Forests, Gunung Palung National Park, Deramakot Forest Reserve (McGowan and Kirwan 2020), Danau Sentarum National Park (BirdLife International 2001), and Kuamut Forest Reserve (Mohamed et al. 2017). In Sungai Wain Protection Forest, commercially valuable trees around the exterior of the reserve have been spiked with steel nails, which has halted logging and illegal hunting as a result (Fredriksson and Nijman 2004). Additionally, there has been awareness and education work, alongside the establishment of a stakeholder management board, and the regeneration of recently burnt areas (Fredriksson and Nijman 2004).Conservation Actions Proposed
Research and comprehensive surveys are required to fully understand the species' habitat preferences, population density, number of subpopulations and distribution, so that more accurate estimations of the population size can be made. Further surveys are required to determine whether the species still occurs in Sarawak. Create or expand new protected areas where the species is, or found to be, present. Further protection is also needed within logging concession areas, with active enforcement of hunting bans. Once a population size is known, further research will be required to determine the exact trends in the population, and the impact that hunting and trade is having on these trends. The controlling of local hunting may be difficult, but the enforcement of no-hunting zones may provide some sanctuary for the species. Explore the possibility of incorporating some of the conservation measures from Sungai Wain Protection Forest for other reserves (i.e., awareness raising, stakeholder management, deterrents). Awareness raising should also focus on encouraging conservation groups and researchers to record non-target species of interest. For example, camera-trap surveys focused on mammals should flag any records of this (or any other threatened) species.
CITES Appendix II. The species is known from Sungai Wain and Gunung Lumut Protection Forests, Gunung Palung National Park, Deramakot Forest Reserve (McGowan and Kirwan 2020), Danau Sentarum National Park (BirdLife International 2001), and Kuamut Forest Reserve (Mohamed et al. 2017). In Sungai Wain Protection Forest, commercially valuable trees around the exterior of the reserve have been spiked with steel nails, which has halted logging and illegal hunting as a result (Fredriksson and Nijman 2004). Additionally, there has been awareness and education work, alongside the establishment of a stakeholder management board, and the regeneration of recently burnt areas (Fredriksson and Nijman 2004).Conservation Actions Proposed
Research and comprehensive surveys are required to fully understand the species' habitat preferences, population density, number of subpopulations and distribution, so that more accurate estimations of the population size can be made. Further surveys are required to determine whether the species still occurs in Sarawak. Create or expand new protected areas where the species is, or found to be, present. Further protection is also needed within logging concession areas, with active enforcement of hunting bans. Once a population size is known, further research will be required to determine the exact trends in the population, and the impact that hunting and trade is having on these trends. The controlling of local hunting may be difficult, but the enforcement of no-hunting zones may provide some sanctuary for the species. Explore the possibility of incorporating some of the conservation measures from Sungai Wain Protection Forest for other reserves (i.e., awareness raising, stakeholder management, deterrents). Awareness raising should also focus on encouraging conservation groups and researchers to record non-target species of interest. For example, camera-trap surveys focused on mammals should flag any records of this (or any other threatened) species.