G. luzonica occurs in primary and secondary forest, primarily a lowland species but found up to 1,400 m in all forest types  (Poulsen 1995, Gibbs et al. 2001, Baptista et al. 2020). The species is occasionally found in selectively logged forest, poor-quality regrowth, and plantations (BirdLife International 2001, Gibbs et al. 2001) but is a ground-foraging species, and does not venture onto wider paths or into clearings (Gibbs et al. 2001). The species is usually seen feeding on the ground on seeds, berries, insects, worms, and other invertebrates, or when flushed where it will fly a short distance before dropping into cover (Gibbs et al. 2001, Baptista et al. 2020).

Gallicolumba luzonica is endemic to Luzon, Polilo and Catanduanes Islands Philippines (Gibbs et al. 2001, Allen 2020). The species occurs from North Luzon, through to South Luzon as far as Bulusan (eBird 2024). However, the species is considered rare or scarce across its range, and its distribution is likely to be patchy and largely confined to protected areas (Gibbs et al. 2001, Baptista et al. 2020). The species' current status on Catanduanes is uncertain, as it is known from only a single observation in the 1980s (BirdLife International 2001, Gibbs et al. 2001).

Conservation Actions Underway
Listed in CITES Appendix II.

Conservation Actions Proposed
Surveys are required to determine the population size, number of subpopulations, and exact distribution of the species, including confirming the presence/absence on Catanduanes Island. Monitoring required to determine the trends in the population and trade/hunting of the species. Research is required to determine the dispersal and movement ecology of the species to help determine areas at high risk of local extinctions. Greater enforcement, legislation, and/or awareness is required to better protected the species from hunting and logging in Protected Areas.