It inhabits forested areas and wooded swamps. On Coiba, it occurs at all elevations, but on the mainland it may be more common at higher elevations (Wetmore 1968, G. R. Angehr in litt. 1998, 2020).

Leptotila battyi is restricted to the Pacific slope of western Panama, on the southwestern Azuero Peninsula, the islands of Coiba, Ranchería, Jicarón, and Jicarita in Coiba National Park, and the island of Cébaco in the Gulf of Montijo. It remains common on Coiba, Ranchería, and Jicarón, where threats are minimal. Wetmore (1968) found 'small numbers' on Cébaco in 1965. Its present status there is uncertain, although forest remains on the western third of the island and there are recent sight records. On the Azuero Peninsula it appears to be uncommon. although regularly recorded, and is likely declining in lowland areas due to deforestation (Ridgely and Gwynne 1989).

Conservation Actions Underway
Coiba is a national park protecting nearly 50% of this species's range. On the mainland, it occurs within Cerro Hoya National Park and El Montuso Forest Reserve (Angehr 2003). The distribution and abundance on Coiba have been investigated in a research project (per Angehr and Blewett 2010).

Conservation Actions Proposed
Carry out surveys to assess numbers within protected areas and identify additional sites requiring protection. Further study the species's ecological requirements (Baptista et al. 1997). Assess the extent of habitat loss within protected areas and the region as a whole. Increase the area of suitable habitat that has protected status. Raise awareness of the species and its status in an effort to reduce hunting pressure.