It inhabits both primary and secondary, tropical montane rainforest, sometimes "on the near-vertical walls of limestone gorges", usually at relatively high altitude, but exceptionally down to 160 m. It is tolerant of moderate degradation, and generally found in the canopy and middle storey, often foraging for fruit in the outer foliage (it is chiefly, if not exclusively, frugivorous). It is assumed to be resident, but may perhaps make local altitudinal movements.

Ptilinopus dohertyi is endemic to the island of Sumba, Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sundas), Indonesia.

Conservation Actions Underway
Populations occur in the Manupeu-Tanahdaru and Laiwangi-Wanggameti National Parks (1,350 km² combined).

Conservation Actions Proposed
Conduct up-to-date surveys to quantify the population size and trend. Monitor population trends. Conduct detailed research into the ecology of the species in order to develop an effective management strategy. Protect remaining habitat.